MCP Server
Pakistan Case Law
com.pakistancaselaw/caselaw
What this MCP does
Searches Pakistani judgments by text, citation, or legal question and retrieves case summaries, full decisions, landmark rankings, and citation relationships.
Capabilities
Tools
7
tools
caselaw_get_case
Fetch one judgment by id.
section='summary' (default) returns metadata + the AI headnote (plain-language summary, the
laws/provisions referred, and keyword tags) â read this first to judge relevance cheaply.
section='full' additionally returns the judgment body text (capped at ~40,000 chars; the
response flags body_truncated/body_chars_total when longer).
Read only
Idempotent
Input schema
{'type': 'object', '$defs': {'Fmt': {'enum': ['markdown', 'json'], 'type': 'string', 'title': 'Fmt'}, 'Section': {'enum': ['summary', 'full'], 'type': 'string', 'title': 'Section'}}, 'title': 'caselaw_get_caseArguments', 'required': ['case_id'], 'properties': {'case_id': {'type': 'integer', 'title': 'Case Id', 'minimum': 1, 'description': 'Numeric judgment id (from a search/lookup/graph result)'}, 'section': {'$ref': '#/$defs/Section', 'default': 'summary', 'description': "'summary' = metadata + AI headnote (cheap); 'full' = + judgment text"}, 'response_format': {'$ref': '#/$defs/Fmt', 'default': 'markdown'}}}
Output schema
{'type': 'object', 'title': 'caselaw_get_caseOutput', 'required': ['result'], 'properties': {'result': {'type': 'string', 'title': 'Result'}}}
caselaw_get_citations
Walk the citation graph FORWARD: list the in-corpus cases that THIS judgment cites
(the precedents it relied on). Combine with caselaw_get_cited_by to traverse precedent
backward and forward until a research question is resolved.
Most useful on RECENT judgments: a 2024-25 case usually has nobody citing it yet, but its
own citation list is a curated map of the established authority on the point.
Read only
Idempotent
Input schema
{'type': 'object', '$defs': {'Fmt': {'enum': ['markdown', 'json'], 'type': 'string', 'title': 'Fmt'}}, 'title': 'caselaw_get_citationsArguments', 'required': ['case_id'], 'properties': {'limit': {'type': 'integer', 'title': 'Limit', 'default': 20, 'maximum': 50, 'minimum': 1}, 'offset': {'type': 'integer', 'title': 'Offset', 'default': 0, 'minimum': 0}, 'case_id': {'type': 'integer', 'title': 'Case Id', 'minimum': 1, 'description': 'Numeric judgment id'}, 'response_format': {'$ref': '#/$defs/Fmt', 'default': 'markdown'}}}
Output schema
{'type': 'object', 'title': 'caselaw_get_citationsOutput', 'required': ['result'], 'properties': {'result': {'type': 'string', 'title': 'Result'}}}
caselaw_get_cited_by
Walk the citation graph BACKWARD: list later cases that cite THIS judgment
(how it was subsequently treated â followed, distinguished, relied upon). Returns newest first.
Most useful on OLDER or landmark judgments: it shows whether the case is still followed and
where the principle has been applied since. A leading case can have hundreds of citing cases.
Read only
Idempotent
Input schema
{'type': 'object', '$defs': {'Fmt': {'enum': ['markdown', 'json'], 'type': 'string', 'title': 'Fmt'}}, 'title': 'caselaw_get_cited_byArguments', 'required': ['case_id'], 'properties': {'limit': {'type': 'integer', 'title': 'Limit', 'default': 20, 'maximum': 50, 'minimum': 1}, 'offset': {'type': 'integer', 'title': 'Offset', 'default': 0, 'minimum': 0}, 'case_id': {'type': 'integer', 'title': 'Case Id', 'minimum': 1, 'description': 'Numeric judgment id'}, 'response_format': {'$ref': '#/$defs/Fmt', 'default': 'markdown'}}}
Output schema
{'type': 'object', 'title': 'caselaw_get_cited_byOutput', 'required': ['result'], 'properties': {'result': {'type': 'string', 'title': 'Result'}}}
caselaw_lookup_citation
Find the judgment(s) at an exact law-report citation.
Example: journal='PLD', year=1995, page=34 â PLD 1995 Supreme Court 34.
Omit page to list everything reported in that journal+year. Returns the same case shape
as caselaw_search.
Read only
Idempotent
Input schema
{'type': 'object', '$defs': {'Fmt': {'enum': ['markdown', 'json'], 'type': 'string', 'title': 'Fmt'}}, 'title': 'caselaw_lookup_citationArguments', 'required': ['journal', 'year'], 'properties': {'page': {'anyOf': [{'type': 'integer', 'minimum': 1}, {'type': 'null'}], 'title': 'Page', 'default': None, 'description': 'Page/serial number in the report (optional)'}, 'year': {'type': 'integer', 'title': 'Year', 'maximum': 2100, 'minimum': 1900}, 'limit': {'type': 'integer', 'title': 'Limit', 'default': 20, 'maximum': 50, 'minimum': 1}, 'offset': {'type': 'integer', 'title': 'Offset', 'default': 0, 'minimum': 0}, 'journal': {'type': 'string', 'title': 'Journal', 'maxLength': 30, 'minLength': 1, 'description': "Law-report code, e.g. 'PLD', 'SCMR', 'CLC'"}, 'response_format': {'$ref': '#/$defs/Fmt', 'default': 'markdown'}}}
Output schema
{'type': 'object', 'title': 'caselaw_lookup_citationOutput', 'required': ['result'], 'properties': {'result': {'type': 'string', 'title': 'Result'}}}
caselaw_most_cited
List the most-cited (landmark) judgments in the corpus, ranked by how many other cases
cite them. A good entry point for the leading authorities on Pakistani law.
Read only
Idempotent
Input schema
{'type': 'object', '$defs': {'Fmt': {'enum': ['markdown', 'json'], 'type': 'string', 'title': 'Fmt'}}, 'title': 'caselaw_most_citedArguments', 'properties': {'limit': {'type': 'integer', 'title': 'Limit', 'default': 20, 'maximum': 50, 'minimum': 1}, 'offset': {'type': 'integer', 'title': 'Offset', 'default': 0, 'minimum': 0}, 'response_format': {'$ref': '#/$defs/Fmt', 'default': 'markdown'}}}
Output schema
{'type': 'object', 'title': 'caselaw_most_citedOutput', 'required': ['result'], 'properties': {'result': {'type': 'string', 'title': 'Result'}}}
caselaw_search
Full-text search of Pakistani judgments (Supreme Court & High Courts, 1970 onward).
Ranking follows how lawyers research: nearness to the legal point decides which cases are
returned; among comparably-near cases, more senior court > larger bench > more recent >
more cited. Use sort='newest' when you need the current state of the law (later judgments
supersede as statutes are amended), or sort='court' for the most authoritative first.
Returns ranked cases with id, title, citation, court, year, a snippet, and the public URL.
For an exact report citation use caselaw_lookup_citation. To read a case, pass its id to
caselaw_get_case.
Read only
Idempotent
Input schema
{'type': 'object', '$defs': {'Fmt': {'enum': ['markdown', 'json'], 'type': 'string', 'title': 'Fmt'}}, 'title': 'caselaw_searchArguments', 'required': ['query'], 'properties': {'sort': {'type': 'string', 'title': 'Sort', 'default': 'relevance', 'description': 'relevance (default: nearest on the point, then court/bench/recency/citations) | newest (latest law first â\x80\x94 useful because amendments supersede) | court (most senior court first)'}, 'limit': {'type': 'integer', 'title': 'Limit', 'default': 20, 'maximum': 50, 'minimum': 1}, 'query': {'type': 'string', 'title': 'Query', 'maxLength': 200, 'minLength': 2, 'description': "Keywords, e.g. 'bail murder 302' or 'khula dower'"}, 'offset': {'type': 'integer', 'title': 'Offset', 'default': 0, 'minimum': 0}, 'response_format': {'$ref': '#/$defs/Fmt', 'default': 'markdown'}}}
Output schema
{'type': 'object', 'title': 'caselaw_searchOutput', 'required': ['result'], 'properties': {'result': {'type': 'string', 'title': 'Result'}}}
caselaw_search_questions
Find judgments by the QUESTION they settle, rather than by words they contain.
Every AI summary on this corpus records the questions that judgment actually decides â e.g.
"Does delay in lodging the FIR by itself entitle the accused to bail?" This searches those
questions, so it matches the shape a legal problem arrives in rather than the vocabulary a
1987 bench happened to use.
COVERAGE IS PARTIAL: only some judgments have an AI summary with questions yet (the response's
`coverage_note` gives the current live ratio, which keeps growing). An empty result means no
*summarised* judgment matched â it does NOT mean no such judgment exists. Fall back to
caselaw_search, which covers the whole corpus.
The questions are written by an AI reading the judgment. They are a finding aid, not a
holding: cite the judgment, never the question. Pass an id to caselaw_get_case to read it.
Read only
Idempotent
Input schema
{'type': 'object', '$defs': {'Fmt': {'enum': ['markdown', 'json'], 'type': 'string', 'title': 'Fmt'}}, 'title': 'caselaw_search_questionsArguments', 'required': ['query'], 'properties': {'limit': {'type': 'integer', 'title': 'Limit', 'default': 20, 'maximum': 50, 'minimum': 1}, 'query': {'type': 'string', 'title': 'Query', 'maxLength': 200, 'minLength': 2, 'description': "The legal question or its subject, in the words a judgment would use â\x80\x94 'delay in lodging FIR', 'concurrent findings of fact', 'pre-arrest bail murder'"}, 'offset': {'type': 'integer', 'title': 'Offset', 'default': 0, 'minimum': 0}, 'response_format': {'$ref': '#/$defs/Fmt', 'default': 'markdown'}}}
Output schema
{'type': 'object', 'title': 'caselaw_search_questionsOutput', 'required': ['result'], 'properties': {'result': {'type': 'string', 'title': 'Result'}}}
History
Recent tool changes
Changed
caselaw_search
Sept. 27, 2026, 2:53 a.m.
Added
caselaw_most_cited
Sept. 17, 2026, 12:36 p.m.
Added
caselaw_get_cited_by
Sept. 17, 2026, 12:36 p.m.
Added
caselaw_get_citations
Sept. 17, 2026, 12:36 p.m.
Added
caselaw_get_case
Sept. 17, 2026, 12:36 p.m.
Added
caselaw_lookup_citation
Sept. 17, 2026, 12:36 p.m.
Added
caselaw_search_questions
Sept. 17, 2026, 12:36 p.m.
Added
caselaw_search
Sept. 17, 2026, 12:36 p.m.
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